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IRS Audits
4.1.3
Source of Returns—DIF and Ordering
4.1.3.1
(05-19-1999)
Overview
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This chapter discusses sources of returns.
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DIF (Descriminant Function) is a
mathematical technique used to score income tax returns as to
examination potential. These formulas were developed based on
available TCMP data. Each return measured under DIF receives a
DIF score. Generally, the higher the score, the greater the
audit potential. The highest scored returns are made available
to Examination upon request.
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DIF mathematical formulas are confidential
and for official use only. The DIF score assigned to a return
should not be disclosed.
4.1.3.1.1
(05-19-1999)
Types of DIF Returns
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The following types of returns are
computer scored under the DIF System:
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Individual Returns
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Corporation Returns
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S Corporation Returns
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Partnership Returns
4.1.3.1.2
(05-19-1999)
Individual Returns
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All individual returns are computer scored
under the DIF System. DIF returns are generally ordered in
bulk, but some returns are delivered to Examination as
Automatics for manual screening without a return order being
placed. These returns are identified as Automatics by the
use of Audit Codes. Audit Codes can be found on Form 5546,
Examination Return Charge-Out. These Audit Codes are listed
in Exhibit 4.1.3–1.
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Correspondence (CORR) returns are certain
individual low and medium non-business returns that are
conducive to correspondence examinations. Returns identified
as "CORR" will not be ordered by area offices
without prior written approval from the PSP Territory
Manager.
4.1.3.1.3
(05-19-1999)
Corporation Returns
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Corporation returns having no balance
sheet or assets under $10,000,000 are computer scored under
the DIF System. Formula numbers are used to identify the
asset classes when ordering corporate returns on Form 6897.
High asset returns, activity codes 219 through 225, are not
DIF scored and are delivered automatically to Classification
at the Service/Customer Service Center. The Corporation DIF
System includes:
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Miscellaneous
corporate returns are also not DIF scored. These
returns may be sample ordered. These returns could be
classified by screening them in the Statistics of Income
(SOI) Division located at the Service/Customer Service
Center before shipment to SOI at the Ogden Service Center.
Miscellaneous corporate returns include:
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Certain corporation returns are identified
as Specials. These returns
are delivered to Examination for screening without a return
order and are identified by Audit Codes. These Audit Codes
are listed in Exhibit 4.1.3–2.
4.1.3.1.4
(05-19-1999)
S Corporation Returns
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S Corporation Returns having assets under
$10,000,000 are computer scored under the DIF System. The S
Corporation System includes:
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Certain S corporation returns are
identified as Specials.
These returns are delivered to Examination for screening
without a return order and are identified by Audit Codes.
These Audit Codes are listed in Exhibit 4.1.3–3.
4.1.3.2
(05-19-1999)
Inventory and Delivery Reports
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A list of Inventory and Delivery Reports
that are available and the exhibits where they can be found
are as follows shown in the following figure:
Figure 4.1.3-1
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The top section of the Inventory and
Delivery Reports (1040–1, 1065–1, 1120–1, 1120–3)
indicates the number of returns available for ordering. The
bottom of the reports indicates the number of returns that
have been delivered for screening by examination class and DIF
score range for each file year. All returns identified on
these reports have a DIF score which is above the National DIF
cutoff score. These reports are cumulative for all returns
received, processed and delivered to Examination during a file
year. At certain times of the year, there will be available
Inventory and Delivery Reports for two different file years.
You should make sure you are utilizing the correct file year
report.
4.1.3.3
(05-19-1999)
Guidelines for Ordering Returns
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The PSP Support Manager is responsible for
submitting orders so that returns are received ratably during
the fiscal year. Ratable is defined as a manner of ordering so
that all returns with similar DIF scores, regardless of the
filing date, have an equal chance of being delivered to
Classification.
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Current file year individual
DIF returns (Activity Codes 530 through 539) will
be ordered so that deliveries for total individual returns,
when measured as a percent of the total Individual Examination
Return Plan, will not exceed the following:
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65 percent before Cycle 52.
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85 percent before Cycle 13.
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108 percent Cycle 26.
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There is an exception
to the guidelines set in (2). Any orders in excess of these
guidelines must be approved by the PSP Territory Manager. Your
order may be increased if any of the following conditions are
met:
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The Area has a high dependence on DIF
work for general program expectations;
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The Area has a substantial hiring
authority; or
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The Area has low select rates which
makes it impossible to accumulate sufficient training
returns throughout the year while maintaining an
appropriate tax auditor workload.
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Due to numerous fiscal year corporate and
other BMF filings, high potential BMF
returns are added to inventory throughout the
entire file year. To ensure equal treatment of BMF taxpayers,
BMF returns must be ordered in a ratable manner.
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Each Service/Customer Service Center will
provide a schedule for ordering and classifying to the PSP
Support Manager.
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All return orders will be submitted to the
Service/Customer Service Center, ATTN: Chief, Classification
Section in accordance with local procedures.
4.1.3.3.1
(05-19-1999)
Ordering Individual DIF Returns
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Form 6356,
Individual DIF Returns Order, will be used to
order individual DIF returns. Instructions for completing
Form 6356 are found on the back of the form. Returns may be
ordered from any cycle for orders from regular DIF inventory
and only from odd cycles for orders from DIF CORR inventory.
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Areas are expected to order returns for
the entire area. However, you have the capability for
ordering or excluding returns for a specific post-of-duty.
You should keep these orders to a minimum since it deviates
from working the highest DIF returns first. These types of
orders are:
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POD Exclusion
Order—Where there is an excess workload
at one or more posts-of-duty, the POD(s) may be
excluded from any order cycle. A maximum of 17 PODs my
be excluded each cycle. You should be aware that if
you place an area-wide order subsequent to a POD
exclusion order, returns previously excluded may fall
out.
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POD Supplement
Order—Where there is a workload shortage
at a specific POD, a supplemental order may be
submitted.
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Inventory and
Delivery Report 1040–1 (Exhibit 4.1.3–4)
shows the number of DIF returns available for ordering and
the number of returns delivered for screening by examination
class and DIF score range for each file year. This report
also provides the number of Minimum Tax and Alternative
Minimum Tax returns (combined under TXPREFRET). This is a
cumulative report which is generated every even cycle for
each file year.
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Inventory and
Delivery Analysis Report 1040–2 (Exhibit
4.1.3–5) provides statistical data on individual returns
processed and on returns delivered, including specials. This
report is generated every cycle for the first 40 cycles and
every even cycle thereafter.
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Individual returns cannot be ordered from
the current file year until cycle 18. For orders prior to
cycle 26,Override Code "1" will
be entered in Column 80 of Form 6356 to override the
computer block.
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Previous file year individual returns
cannot be ordered after cycle 26 of the current file year. Override
Code "9" will be entered in Column 80
of Form 6356 to override the computer block. Approval is
needed from the Territory PSP Manager to utilize this
override code.
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Alternative Minimum
Tax returns may be ordered using Form 6356 with
Indicator Code "W"
entered on the order form.
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Areas may use the DIF
CORR Inventory to secure returns for training
purposes either on an area or POD basis. Form 6356 is used
and must clearly indicate that the order is for training
returns. Inventory and Delivery Report 1040–6 (Exhibit
4.1.3–8) reflects DIF CORR inventory by score range and
deliveries to the service/customer service center or area.
Orders must be made in odd cycles.
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The Amended Returns
inventory contains Category B (paid) claims as defined in
the LEM. Form 8199, Amended Returns Order, is used to place
orders. Table 1040–5 (Exhibit 4.1.3–7) is the Inventory
and Delivery Report for Amended Returns. These claims are
ordered by the year in which the claims were filed, not
by the tax year of the returns for which the claim applies.
The highest dollar claims will be delivered first. The
following categories of amended returns may be ordered:
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Adjustments to Income
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Filing Status and Exemptions
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Tax Computations
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Credits
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Itemized Deductions
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Schedule C or F
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Schedule D and Form 4797
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Schedule E
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Other Taxes
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Multiples—any combination of the
above categories.
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Other—reasons not covered in above
categories.
4.1.3.3.2
(05-19-1999)
Ordering Corporation Returns
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Form 6897,
Corporation Returns Order, will be used to order
corporation returns. This form is separated into two
sections, Corporation DIF Returns Order and Miscellaneous
Corporation Returns Order. Instructions for completing Form
6897 are found on the back of the form. Returns may be
ordered from odd numbered cycles only.
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Areas are expected to order returns for
the entire area. However, you have the capability for
ordering or excluding returns for a specific post-of-duty.
You should keep these orders to a minimum since it deviates
from working the highest DIF returns first. These types of
orders are:
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POD Exclusion
Order—Where there is an excess workload
at one or more posts-of-duty, the POD(s) may be
excluded from any order cycle. A maximum of 7 PODs may
be excluded each cycle.
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POD
Supplemental Order—Where there is a
workload shortage at a specific POD, a supplemental
order may be submitted.
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Corporate DIF
Inventory and Delivery Report 1120–1 (Exhibit
4.1.3–9) shows the number of DIF returns available to
order for screening and the number of DIF returns which have
been delivered by DIF score range.
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Corporate DIF
Inventory and Delivery Analysis Report 1120–2
(Exhibit 4.1.3–10) provides data on corporations processed
and on returns in inventory or delivered, including specials
and automatics. BMF returns will not be ordered from the
current file year inventory until after processing cycle 26
of the current file year.
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1120S DIF and 1120F
Inventory and Delivery Report 1120–3 (Exhibit
4.1.3–11) provides data on corporate returns processed and
on returns in inventory or delivered, including specials and
automatics.
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Indicator Codes
are entered on Form 6897 to designate the type of returns
ordered as shown in the following figure:
Figure 4.1.3-2
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Orders of miscellaneous
returns in the taxable
income category are filled from the top of the
"file" (highest income to zero.)
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Orders of miscellaneous
returns in the non taxable
income category are filled from the top of the
"file" (greatest loss to zero.)
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Only one indicator code may be used for
returns in each examination class in the same cycle.
However, different indicator codes may be used for different
examination classes in the same cycle.
4.1.3.3.3
(05-19-1999)
Ordering Partnership
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Form 6162,
Partnership Returns Order, will be used to order
DIF partnership returns. Instructions for completing Form
6162 are found on the back of the form. Returns may be
ordered monthly.
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POD orders are not available.
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The Inventory and
Delivery Report 1065–1 (Exhibit 4.1.3–12)
shows the number of Partnership returns available for
ordering and the number of Partnership returns delivered for
classification, by DIF score range, Examination Class and
file year.
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The Inventory and
Delivery Report 1065–2 (Exhibit 4.1.3–13)
provides analytical data on Partnership returns processed,
inventoried and delivered for classification, including
Automatics and Specials.
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Indicator Codes
are entered on Form 6162 to designate the type of returns
ordered as follows:
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Section 761(a)
Partnership Returns, Investment groups that are
not required to file partnership returns, selected for
examination by the Service/Customer Service Center will be
forwarded to their respective areas.
4.1.3.3.4
(05-19-1999)
Ordering Fiduciary Returns
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Form 5337, Fiduciary
Returns Order, will be used to order fiduciary
returns. Instructions for completing Form 5337 are found on
the back of the form. Returns may be ordered monthly.
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POD orders are not available.
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The Inventory and
Delivery Report 1041 (Exhibit 4.1.3–14) shows
the number of Fiduciary returns available for ordering and
the number of Fiduciary returns delivered for classification
during the file year. This report provides the following
information:
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Table 1—Nonautomatic Fiduciary
Returns. The total number of Fiduciary returns
available, the total number of returns delivered for
the current cycle and delivered (cumulative) during
the file year.
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Table 2—Automatic Fiduciary
Returns. The total number of Fiduciary returns
delivered for the current cycle and delivered
(cumulative) during the file year.
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Indicator Codes
are entered on Form 5337 to designate the type of returns
ordered as follows:
4.1.3.3.5
(05-19-1999)
REMIC
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U.S. Real Estate
Mortgage Investment Conduit (REMIC) REMIC returns
can be ordered using Form 8757, U.S. Real Estate Mortgage
Investment Conduit Income Tax. Returns may be ordered
monthly.
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The Inventory and
Delivery Report 1066–1 (Exhibit 4.1.3–15)
shows the number of REMIC returns available for ordering and
the number of REMIC returns delivered for classification by
Examination Class for the file year.
Exhibit 4.1.3-1
(05-19-1999)
Individual Returns Audit Codes
Exhibit 4.1.3-2
(05-19-1999)
Corporation Return Audit Codes
Exhibit 4.1.3-3
(05-19-1999)
S Corporation Return Audit Codes
Exhibit 4.1.3-4
(05-19-1999)
AO Individual Inventory and Delivery Report 1040–1
Exhibit 4.1.3-5
(05-19-1999)
AO Individual Inventory and Delivery Analysis 1040–2
Exhibit 4.1.3-6
(05-19-1999)
Service Center Inventory and Delivery Report 1040–3
Exhibit 4.1.3-7
(05-19-1999)
Amended Returns Inventory and Delivery Report 1040–5
Exhibit 4.1.3-8
(05-19-1999)
AO/SC Individual Inventory and Delivery Report 1040–6
Exhibit 4.1.3-9
(05-19-1999)
AO Corporate DIF Inventory and Delivery Report 1120–1
Exhibit 4.1.3-10
(05-19-1999)
AO Corporate Inventory and Delivery Analysis Report 1120–2
Exhibit 4.1.3-11
(05-19-1999)
AO 1120S DIF and 1120F Inventory and Delivery Report 1120–3
Exhibit 4.1.3-12
(05-19-1999)
AO Partnership Inventory and Delivery Report 1065–1
Exhibit 4.1.3-13
(05-19-1999)
AO Partnership Inventory and Delivery Analysis Report 1065–2
Exhibit 4.1.3-14
(05-19-1999)
Fiduciary Inventory and Delivery Report 1041
Exhibit 4.1.3-15
(05-19-1999)
AO Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit and Delivery Report
1066–1
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